PSK31 - Revision history

KJ7RRV at 01:45, 26 November 2023

2023-11-26T01:45:29Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:45, 25 November 2023
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	Using four instead of two phases provides twice the physical layer bit rate, which allows addition of redundant information to provide a degree of forward error correction. When QPSK is used, after the text is converted to a sequence of bits, a special code is applied which doubles the length of the sequence by adding redundant information. This code is designed so the receiver can often perfectly reconstruct the original text, even if the bit sequence contained some errors.		Using four instead of two phases provides twice the physical layer bit rate, which allows addition of redundant information to provide a degree of forward error correction. When QPSK is used, after the text is converted to a sequence of bits, a special code is applied which doubles the length of the sequence by adding redundant information. This code is designed so the receiver can often perfectly reconstruct the original text, even if the bit sequence contained some errors.

	~~{{CC BY-SA}}~~		<hr>

	{{Wikipedia\|PSK31}}		{{Wikipedia\|PSK31}}

KJ7RRV at 21:03, 27 August 2023

2023-08-27T21:03:57Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:03, 27 August 2023
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	[[File:PSK matrix.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|A waterfall display depicting several PSK31 transmissions at around 14.070 MHz. The green lines indicate a station that is transmitting.]]		[[File:PSK matrix.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|A waterfall display depicting several PSK31 transmissions at around 14.070 MHz. The green lines indicate a station that is transmitting.]]

	'''PSK31''' ~~(Phase Shift Keying, 31 Baud [symbols per second])~~ is a computer sound card-generated keyboard-to-keyboard [[digital]] mode, used for real-time chat, most often using frequencies in the [[HF]] amateur radio [[bands]]. PSK31 ~~is distinguished from other digital modes in that it~~ is specifically tuned to have a data rate close to typing speed, and has an extremely narrow bandwidth, allowing many conversations in the same bandwidth as a single voice channel. This narrow [[bandwidth]] makes more efficient use of the radio energy in a very narrow space thus allowing relatively low-power equipment to communicate globally using the same [[skywave]] [[propagation]] used by [[single-sideband]] (SSB, the most popular HF voice mode) operators and shortwave broadcast radio stations.		'''PSK31''' is a computer sound card-generated keyboard-to-keyboard [[digital]] mode, used for real-time chat, most often using frequencies in the [[HF]] amateur radio [[bands]]. The name stands for "phase-shift keying," the type of modulation used, at 31 [[baud]], or symbols per second. PSK31 is specifically tuned to have a data rate close to typing speed, and has an extremely narrow bandwidth, allowing many conversations in the same bandwidth as a single voice channel. This narrow [[bandwidth]] makes more efficient use of the radio energy in a very narrow space thus allowing relatively low-power equipment to communicate globally using the same [[skywave]] [[propagation]] used by [[single-sideband]] (SSB, the most popular HF voice mode) operators and shortwave broadcast radio stations.

	Unlike [[FT8]] but similar to [[JS8]], PSK31 allows for conversations, rather than simple automated exchanges.		Unlike [[FT8]] but similar to [[JS8]], PSK31 allows for conversations, rather than simple automated exchanges.

KJ7RRV: Undo revision 2616 by KJ7RRV-bot (talk)

2023-07-02T20:35:14Z

Undo revision 2616 by KJ7RRV-bot (talk)

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:35, 2 July 2023
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	[[File:PSK matrix.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|A waterfall display depicting several PSK31 transmissions at around 14.070 MHz. The green lines indicate a station that is transmitting.]]		[[File:PSK matrix.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|A waterfall display depicting several PSK31 transmissions at around 14.070 MHz. The green lines indicate a station that is transmitting.]]

	'''PSK31''' (Phase Shift Keying, 31 Baud [symbols per second]) is a computer sound card-generated keyboard-to-keyboard [[digital]] mode, used for real-time chat, most often using frequencies in the [[HF]] amateur radio [[~~Glossary#band\|~~bands]]. PSK31 is distinguished from other digital modes in that it is specifically tuned to have a data rate close to typing speed, and has an extremely narrow bandwidth, allowing many conversations in the same bandwidth as a single voice channel. This narrow [[~~Glossary#bandwidth\|~~bandwidth]] makes more efficient use of the radio energy in a very narrow space thus allowing relatively low-power equipment to communicate globally using the same [[skywave]] [[propagation]] used by [[single-sideband]] (SSB, the most popular HF voice mode) operators and shortwave broadcast radio stations.		'''PSK31''' (Phase Shift Keying, 31 Baud [symbols per second]) is a computer sound card-generated keyboard-to-keyboard [[digital]] mode, used for real-time chat, most often using frequencies in the [[HF]] amateur radio [[bands]]. PSK31 is distinguished from other digital modes in that it is specifically tuned to have a data rate close to typing speed, and has an extremely narrow bandwidth, allowing many conversations in the same bandwidth as a single voice channel. This narrow [[bandwidth]] makes more efficient use of the radio energy in a very narrow space thus allowing relatively low-power equipment to communicate globally using the same [[skywave]] [[propagation]] used by [[single-sideband]] (SSB, the most popular HF voice mode) operators and shortwave broadcast radio stations.

	Unlike [[FT8]] but similar to [[JS8]], PSK31 allows for conversations, rather than simple automated exchanges.		Unlike [[FT8]] but similar to [[JS8]], PSK31 allows for conversations, rather than simple automated exchanges.
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	Like other narrow band digital modes (such as FT8), PSK31 can often overcome interference and poor [[propagation]] conditions in situations where voice or other methods of communication fail. However, PSK31 was designed only for leisure use by amateurs, and due to its relatively slow speed and limited error control, it is not suitable for transmitting large blocks of data or text, or critical data requiring high immunity from errors.		Like other narrow band digital modes (such as FT8), PSK31 can often overcome interference and poor [[propagation]] conditions in situations where voice or other methods of communication fail. However, PSK31 was designed only for leisure use by amateurs, and due to its relatively slow speed and limited error control, it is not suitable for transmitting large blocks of data or text, or critical data requiring high immunity from errors.

	PSK31 works well over propagation paths that preserve phase, and resists fading ([[Q code#QSB\|QSB]]) well. However, it can be adversely affected by propagation modes—such as transpolar paths—where auroral "flutter" or [[multipath propagation]] can disrupt the signal phase continuity. In such cases the use of QPSK is often beneficial.		PSK31 works well over propagation paths that preserve phase, and resists fading ([[Q code#QSB\|QSB]]) well. However, it can be adversely affected by propagation modes—such as transpolar paths—where auroral "flutter" or [[Multipath Propagation\|multipath propagation]] can disrupt the signal phase continuity. In such cases the use of QPSK is often beneficial.

	== BPSK31 and QPSK31 variants ==		== BPSK31 and QPSK31 variants ==

KJ7RRV-bot: Fix links to redirects

2023-07-02T20:32:08Z

Fix links to redirects

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:32, 2 July 2023
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	[[File:PSK matrix.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|A waterfall display depicting several PSK31 transmissions at around 14.070 MHz. The green lines indicate a station that is transmitting.]]		[[File:PSK matrix.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|A waterfall display depicting several PSK31 transmissions at around 14.070 MHz. The green lines indicate a station that is transmitting.]]

	'''PSK31''' (Phase Shift Keying, 31 Baud [symbols per second]) is a computer sound card-generated keyboard-to-keyboard [[digital]] mode, used for real-time chat, most often using frequencies in the [[HF]] amateur radio [[bands]]. PSK31 is distinguished from other digital modes in that it is specifically tuned to have a data rate close to typing speed, and has an extremely narrow bandwidth, allowing many conversations in the same bandwidth as a single voice channel. This narrow [[bandwidth]] makes more efficient use of the radio energy in a very narrow space thus allowing relatively low-power equipment to communicate globally using the same [[skywave]] [[propagation]] used by [[single-sideband]] (SSB, the most popular HF voice mode) operators and shortwave broadcast radio stations.		'''PSK31''' (Phase Shift Keying, 31 Baud [symbols per second]) is a computer sound card-generated keyboard-to-keyboard [[digital]] mode, used for real-time chat, most often using frequencies in the [[HF]] amateur radio [[Glossary#band\|bands]]. PSK31 is distinguished from other digital modes in that it is specifically tuned to have a data rate close to typing speed, and has an extremely narrow bandwidth, allowing many conversations in the same bandwidth as a single voice channel. This narrow [[Glossary#bandwidth\|bandwidth]] makes more efficient use of the radio energy in a very narrow space thus allowing relatively low-power equipment to communicate globally using the same [[skywave]] [[propagation]] used by [[single-sideband]] (SSB, the most popular HF voice mode) operators and shortwave broadcast radio stations.

	Unlike [[FT8]] but similar to [[JS8]], PSK31 allows for conversations, rather than simple automated exchanges.		Unlike [[FT8]] but similar to [[JS8]], PSK31 allows for conversations, rather than simple automated exchanges.
Line 18:		Line 18:
	Like other narrow band digital modes (such as FT8), PSK31 can often overcome interference and poor [[propagation]] conditions in situations where voice or other methods of communication fail. However, PSK31 was designed only for leisure use by amateurs, and due to its relatively slow speed and limited error control, it is not suitable for transmitting large blocks of data or text, or critical data requiring high immunity from errors.		Like other narrow band digital modes (such as FT8), PSK31 can often overcome interference and poor [[propagation]] conditions in situations where voice or other methods of communication fail. However, PSK31 was designed only for leisure use by amateurs, and due to its relatively slow speed and limited error control, it is not suitable for transmitting large blocks of data or text, or critical data requiring high immunity from errors.

	PSK31 works well over propagation paths that preserve phase, and resists fading ([[Q code#QSB\|QSB]]) well. However, it can be adversely affected by propagation modes—such as transpolar paths—where auroral "flutter" or [[~~Multipath Propagation\|~~multipath propagation]] can disrupt the signal phase continuity. In such cases the use of QPSK is often beneficial.		PSK31 works well over propagation paths that preserve phase, and resists fading ([[Q code#QSB\|QSB]]) well. However, it can be adversely affected by propagation modes—such as transpolar paths—where auroral "flutter" or [[multipath propagation]] can disrupt the signal phase continuity. In such cases the use of QPSK is often beneficial.

	== BPSK31 and QPSK31 variants ==		== BPSK31 and QPSK31 variants ==

KJ7RRV-bot: License cleanup

2023-06-12T17:27:14Z

License cleanup

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:27, 12 June 2023
Line 25:		Line 25:
	Using four instead of two phases provides twice the physical layer bit rate, which allows addition of redundant information to provide a degree of forward error correction. When QPSK is used, after the text is converted to a sequence of bits, a special code is applied which doubles the length of the sequence by adding redundant information. This code is designed so the receiver can often perfectly reconstruct the original text, even if the bit sequence contained some errors.		Using four instead of two phases provides twice the physical layer bit rate, which allows addition of redundant information to provide a degree of forward error correction. When QPSK is used, after the text is converted to a sequence of bits, a special code is applied which doubles the length of the sequence by adding redundant information. This code is designed so the receiver can often perfectly reconstruct the original text, even if the bit sequence contained some errors.

	{{CC BY-SA}}{{Wikipedia\|PSK31}}		{{CC BY-SA}}

			{{Wikipedia\|PSK31}}

KJ7RRV-bot: Removing categories

2023-06-12T16:31:06Z

Removing categories

← Older revision		Revision as of 09:31, 12 June 2023
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	{{CC BY-SA}}{{Wikipedia\|PSK31}}		{{CC BY-SA}}{{Wikipedia\|PSK31}}

	~~[[Category:Digital]]~~
	~~[[Category:Training]]~~

KJ7RRV at 23:40, 10 June 2023

2023-06-10T23:40:50Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:40, 10 June 2023
Line 25:		Line 25:
	Using four instead of two phases provides twice the physical layer bit rate, which allows addition of redundant information to provide a degree of forward error correction. When QPSK is used, after the text is converted to a sequence of bits, a special code is applied which doubles the length of the sequence by adding redundant information. This code is designed so the receiver can often perfectly reconstruct the original text, even if the bit sequence contained some errors.		Using four instead of two phases provides twice the physical layer bit rate, which allows addition of redundant information to provide a degree of forward error correction. When QPSK is used, after the text is converted to a sequence of bits, a special code is applied which doubles the length of the sequence by adding redundant information. This code is designed so the receiver can often perfectly reconstruct the original text, even if the bit sequence contained some errors.

	{{~~WikipediaCopyright~~\|PSK31~~\|PSK31\|1077290106\|15 March 2022\|2003-2022\|2022-2023~~}}		{{CC BY-SA}}{{Wikipedia\|PSK31}}

	[[Category:Digital]]		[[Category:Digital]]
	[[Category:Training]]		[[Category:Training]]

KJ7RRV at 03:05, 29 January 2023

2023-01-29T03:05:51Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:05, 28 January 2023
Line 1:		Line 1:
	[[File:PSK matrix.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|A waterfall display depicting several PSK31 transmissions at around 14.070 MHz. The green lines indicate a station that is transmitting.]]		[[File:PSK matrix.jpg\|thumb\|200px\|right\|A waterfall display depicting several PSK31 transmissions at around 14.070 MHz. The green lines indicate a station that is transmitting.]]

	'''PSK31''' (Phase Shift Keying, 31 [~~[Digital#Data rates\|Baud]~~]) is a computer sound card-generated keyboard-to-keyboard [[digital]] mode, used for real-time chat, most often using frequencies in the [[HF]] amateur radio [[bands]]. PSK31 is distinguished from other digital modes in that it is specifically tuned to have a data rate close to typing speed, and has an extremely narrow bandwidth, allowing many conversations in the same bandwidth as a single voice channel. This narrow [[bandwidth]] makes more efficient use of the radio energy in a very narrow space thus allowing relatively low-power equipment to communicate globally using the same [[skywave]] [[propagation]] used by [[single-sideband]] (SSB, the most popular HF voice mode) operators and shortwave broadcast radio stations.		'''PSK31''' (Phase Shift Keying, 31 Baud [symbols per second]) is a computer sound card-generated keyboard-to-keyboard [[digital]] mode, used for real-time chat, most often using frequencies in the [[HF]] amateur radio [[bands]]. PSK31 is distinguished from other digital modes in that it is specifically tuned to have a data rate close to typing speed, and has an extremely narrow bandwidth, allowing many conversations in the same bandwidth as a single voice channel. This narrow [[bandwidth]] makes more efficient use of the radio energy in a very narrow space thus allowing relatively low-power equipment to communicate globally using the same [[skywave]] [[propagation]] used by [[single-sideband]] (SSB, the most popular HF voice mode) operators and shortwave broadcast radio stations.

	Unlike [[FT8]] but similar to [[JS8]], PSK31 allows for conversations, rather than simple automated exchanges.		Unlike [[FT8]] but similar to [[JS8]], PSK31 allows for conversations, rather than simple automated exchanges.

KJ7RRV at 03:05, 29 January 2023

2023-01-29T03:05:08Z

KJ7RRV at 01:21, 14 June 2022

2022-06-14T01:21:23Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:21, 13 June 2022
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	A PSK31 operator typically uses an SSB transceiver connected to the sound card of a computer running PSK31 software. When the operator enters a message for transmission, the software produces an audio tone that sounds, to the human ear, like a continuous whistle with a slight warble. This sound is then fed through either a microphone jack (using an intermediate resistive attenuator to reduce the sound card's output power to microphone levels) or an auxiliary connection into the transceiver, from which it is transmitted.		A PSK31 operator typically uses an SSB transceiver connected to the sound card of a computer running PSK31 software. When the operator enters a message for transmission, the software produces an audio tone that sounds, to the human ear, like a continuous whistle with a slight warble. This sound is then fed through either a microphone jack (using an intermediate resistive attenuator to reduce the sound card's output power to microphone levels) or an auxiliary connection into the transceiver, from which it is transmitted.

	From the perspective of the transmitter, the sound amounts to little more than somebody whistling into the microphone. However, the software rapidly shifts the phase of the audio signal between two states (hence the name "phase-shift keying"), forming the character codes. These phase shifts serve the same function as the two tones used in traditional [[~~Radioteletype~~]] ~~(RTTY)~~ and similar systems.		From the perspective of the transmitter, the sound amounts to little more than somebody whistling into the microphone. However, the software rapidly shifts the phase of the audio signal between two states (hence the name "phase-shift keying"), forming the character codes. These phase shifts serve the same function as the two tones used in traditional [[RTTY]] and similar systems.

	To decode PSK31, the audio whistle received from the transceiver's headphone output is fed into a computer sound card's audio input, and software decodes it. The software displays the decoded text.		To decode PSK31, the audio whistle received from the transceiver's headphone output is fed into a computer sound card's audio input, and software decodes it. The software displays the decoded text.
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	Using four instead of two phases provides twice the physical layer bit rate, which allows addition of redundant information to provide a degree of forward error correction. When QPSK is used, after the text is converted to a sequence of bits, a special code is applied which doubles the length of the sequence by adding redundant information. This code is designed so the receiver can often perfectly reconstruct the original text, even if the bit sequence contained some errors.		Using four instead of two phases provides twice the physical layer bit rate, which allows addition of redundant information to provide a degree of forward error correction. When QPSK is used, after the text is converted to a sequence of bits, a special code is applied which doubles the length of the sequence by adding redundant information. This code is designed so the receiver can often perfectly reconstruct the original text, even if the bit sequence contained some errors.

	{{WikipediaCopyright\|PSK31\|PSK31\|1077290106\|15 March 2022\|2003-2022\|2022}}		{{WikipediaCopyright\|PSK31\|PSK31\|1077290106\|15 March 2022\|2003-2022\|2022}}

	[[Category:Digital]]		[[Category:Digital]]
	[[Category:Training]]		[[Category:Training]]